Dec 7, 2018

The Winter Menagerie

Things keep on happening, cities keep on imagining themselves, games keep on being conjured, and I thought I should update a bit you on what I've been up to those past few months.

Mainly, I have been focusing on the forthcoming Virtual Cities atlas we've been working on for over a year now with friend, and visual artist Maria Kallikaki. We just announced the cities that will be included in the book, are working like crazy on its texts, illustrations, and maps, making good progress, and seem to be on schedule to deliver the finished manuscript to Unbound early in 2019.

I have also been helping shape the city, and environment of narrative game Lake by gamious, and doing things on a very secret, very exciting game with indie studio beyondthosehills. More info on those projects, as well as on a certain something I can't quite mention yet, soon-ish. And, yes, the still un-named board game, and the Blood Bludgeon RPG are still very slowly being worked on too.

On the writing front, I did start the CityCraft column about the design of game cities for the excellent, new, and dev-focused gaming mag Wireframe. The first three issues have already been released, and you can order them (or download the free PDFs) here. If you want to read something slightly less technical, here's the Designing death in the virtual city essay I wrote for the Wellcome Collection, and here's my AdventureX '18 talk (Narratives In Urbanism & Storytelling Cities) for the more audiovisual types:


And did I mention I appeared in a documentary too? Well, I did, and you can watch this lovely thing on video games and cities (in Spanish mostly, but it's been subtitled, and I do speak in English) on YouTube:


Cheers!

Oct 2, 2018

Autumn Talks on Game Urbanism

I really do enjoy talking about the cities of gaming, and will be doing so twice this autumn. So, the brilliant and very lovely people who find attending my talks on imaginary, digital urbanism entertaining and/or useful will be thrilled to know I will be discussing utopias, dystopias, and game cities at the Athens Games Festival '18 (20-21 October, Athens), and narratives in urbanism & storytelling cities at AdventureX 2018 (10-11 November, London). 

Do come and say hi!

Jul 6, 2018

An Update That's All About Interviews

One of the unexpected (and utterly lovely) side effects of the Virtual Cities pre-order/crowdfunding campaign was that I actually got to discuss my work on game urbanism with some incredibly interesting/lovely people. The book, real world cities, design techniques, science and art, atmosphere, and all sorts of hopefully intriguing matters were touched upon in a series of interviews I thoroughly enjoyed. Here they are:








May 19, 2018

Virtual Cities: An Atlas & Exploration of Video Game Cities

Go, go! Pledge, support, spread the word, and help make the first atlas of videogaming a very real reality! Here's the link: https://unbound.com/books/virtual-cities/


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PS. Thanks so much! You know I love you.

May 10, 2018

A season of books, magazines, and talks

In another one of my sadly sporadic updates on Gnome's Lair I am extremely happy to let you know that I am working with artist Maria Kallikaki on Virtual Cities: An Atlas of Video Game Cities. This  project will result in a book examining over 40 of the most iconic cities of gaming, mapping them, detailing them, and exploring them via a series of sketches and drawings. If you are interested in receiving a single email to let you know when the book becomes available for pre-order please do subscribe here.

Just in case books aren't your cup of tea, and you'd rather get your game cities presented to you via magazines, worry not. Issue 181 of Retro Gamer magazine should come with an article on 8-bit cities by me and Alexander Chatziioannou, whereas the lovely Kilobyte Magazine was kind enough to publish my words on the fantasy town of Dun Darach. You can enjoy said Kilobyte issue for free at issuu or as a more traditional PDF.

Finally, and if you'd like to hear me talk about urbanism and discuss designing cities for games, do attend Game Access '18 in lovely Brno this June. My talk 'The Virtual Cities We Play In: A Builder's Introduction' should be of interest, and we can always have a nice chat, and an early summer drink. Possibly even see what my dear friends at CBE Software are up to these days.

Mar 8, 2018

The Streets of Beat-'Em-Up


What you see above are four rather classic urban scenes I grabbed from the ever-evolving, and always excellent MobyGames. I've been researching the evolution of urban depictions in games lately, you see, and the side-scrolling beat-'em-up genre isn't something that could be ignored. Oh, and do look at those lovely colours!

Jan 9, 2018

Game Cities: Those Handy, Simplified Urban Structures

Very few cities are ever built from scratch. What we experience when walking through New York, visiting Beijing, exploring Rome, or living in Athens is not the result of a single planner’s all encompassing thought. On the contrary. Despite all the Haussmanns and Le Corbusiers urban realities are the dynamic outcome of complicated historical-geographical processes, plans upon plans, explosive contradictions, revolutions, progress and reaction, designs and re-designs, competing urbanistic ideas and histories, unexpected functions, layers of architecture, a menagerie of evolving antithetic needs, and a flux of materialized ideas, uses, and problems.

Admittedly, planners, urbanists, architects, and their teams have shaped important aspects and areas of our urban environments, and occasionally deeply influenced the urban process, but never truly created or thoroughly regulated city life and the urban experience as a whole. And yet here are we game crafters trying to simulate the combined effects of centuries and millions of people in order to create the illusion of believable cities with our (comparatively or literally) tiny teams…


Now, I have written several articles trying to help with this incredibly broad and occasionally cumbersome subject, but never one specifically meant to help artists get started with the imagining of their very own virtual urban centers. Apparently this initial step is sometimes both crucial, and what people — including several of my students — tend to find the most intimidating.

So, as I’ve mentioned elsewhere, the very first step should be answering the three main questions regarding imaginary cities: Where, when, and how big. Placing your city in time and space is crucial, as is determining its size. These factors, you see, greatly influence everything from the dominant architectural styles and central urban functions, to the existing topographies and weather patterns, which in turn profoundly influence and are influenced by the economy or local lifestyles.

Unfortunately, answering said three questions, important as it might be, will not help much when actually coming up with an initial map of the whole city.

Even if you do manage to write a few paragraphs (which you should) describing the place, its economy, its people, and its atmosphere, and even if you do commission some truly evocative concept art, creating a city map — or just a quick but meaningful initial sketch — has proved the trickier part. And that’s exactly where approaching the theories on urban structure can really help kick things off. Especially if we avoid the more complex (and admittedly more scientific) contemporary theories, and focus on the simplified models of yore.

What I am actually looking for here is to provide you with working, simple blueprints that can easily be modified and built upon, as well as a simple guiding logic.

Additionally, I will be focusing on the more or less modern city structures, which do in most cases apply to at least a hundred years back, and also to most cyberpunk, and near future sci-fi settings. These are helpfully super simple to understand, envision, and thus use and modify too.

Then again, I do keep mentioning structure, without attempting to explain what urban structure actually is. Well, the important and obvious thing to know is that all settlements come with structure, that structure defines urban form, and that structure itself can be relatively accurately mapped; also, that structure encompasses the crucial and defining urban functions.

If we accept that each and every contemporary city provides and allows for at least some residential, service, and industrial functions, and thus reserves space — land uses — for housing, services, and production, the ways in which these functions are located on the land (on urban space), and in relationship to one another is what we generally call the urban structure.

There are three commonly employed models that are used to describe modern structures to students of urbanism, which will also be the ones I will be presenting here, as they can serve as excellent starting points for the creative process. Mind you, you should never hesitate to introduce anomalies to them, and you should definitely allow a place’s history, and natural geography to shape it.

Ancient cores, existing fortifications, demolished city-walls that have been turned into urban highways, rivers, space-hungry palaces, a new parliament, a surviving cliff, that great fire, etc should all inform your model accordingly, and make it more interesting to explore and play in.

[A disclaimer of sorts: such models do not dictate all aspects of city form, though they do definitely influence it; they do not for example include any data on street patterns, transportation networks, densities, architectural styles, or the degree to which a place has been planned and how.]

So, the first and most well known model — a classic admittedly — is none other than the famous model of Concentric Zones. Here’s what it usually looks like:


In this case, a city core — what Burgess used to call the Loop — sits comfortably in the middle, and is, as the word implies, the core of urban life. Here activity, power, wealth, goods, traffic, services, and even culture are concentrated. It is the area of maximum flow, and most probably the centre of business as it includes the Central Business District (CBD), and what we usually call downtown.

Obviously in an ancient Roman city the core wouldn’t be organized around the CBD but the Forum, whereas a dark cathedral would most suitably form the core of fantasy town, but you do get the general spatial logic of things. More important and older things are located in the middle, where also the crucial functions are gathered in order to be equally accessible by all. Supporting or secondary land uses are arranged around said center.

In the concentric model the core’s influence is maximized, as around it and outwards the rest of the city’s zones are organized. This is most commonly done in deceasing density. Like this:


A more modern update of the same model would expect a wealthy, culturally active inner city to surround the core, and would place manufacturing towards the outer parts of the urban area. It would look a bit like the following sketch with the added admission that only rarely could such rings/zones merely contain a single land use. The northern part of the outer ring, for example, can consist of posh suburbs, whereas the southern could be an industrial zone.


That is why Hoyt’s Sector model is, usually, closer to reality. Here it is:


Area 1 is the Central Business District, area 2 is a wholesale, light manufacturing area, area 3 is low-class residential, area 4 is middle-class residential, and area 5 is dominated by the homes of the rich.

Finally, even more complex, yet also easier to adapt to an uneven and more dramatic topography, is the Multiple Nuclei model, which tends to fit larger cities and the modern metropolis better. It subtly even recognizes the existence and importance of secondary and/or specialized centers.



Here’s what the numbers on the sketch above stand for:
1. CBD
2. Wholesale, Light Manufacturing
3. Low-class Residential
4. Medium-class Residential
5. High-class Residential
6. Heavy Manufacturing
7. Outlying Business District
8. Residential Suburb
9. Industrial Suburb
Now, if you pick one of those three models, and enrich it with considerations regarding such things as the street patterns of streets, the focus of the local economy, and the fact that the longer a city has existed the deeper its historic influences will have been, you should already have something vaguely interesting and modestly convincing on your hands. Or, at the very least, something to guide your research and build upon.


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*** If you are looking for help with cities and settlements for your gaming project do please drop me a line or visit game-cities.com. ***

Jan 3, 2018

It's a brand new 2018!

Happy new year everyone! Hope all goes well, and all/any nuclear meltdowns are avoided. Now, provided our generally wonderful species survives another year of its demented economics, and provided nothing goes spectacularly wrong on a personal level, I'm aiming for a truly productive and rather exciting new year. Hopefully, you see, several games I'm working on, have worked on or have consulted for will see their release in 2018 :) 

Huzzah, right?

Not surprisingly, I will of course keep focusing my work on crafting game cities, helping developers create believable urban geographies, tweaking immersive city environments, and researching playable/digital urbanism, which means more games to work on, more articles, more talks, and --if things go really well-- even a book. Paid work on virtual cities aside, I am also aiming to release my own little freeware videogames with distinctly urbanistic tendencies, get pen & paper RPG BLOOD BLUDGEON (facebook, twitter) published, and finish work on a still unannounced but almost ready board-game. 

Oh, and I will be re-doing both my Patreon and this very blog, to further align them to my work and interests of those several years past my games-journo phase.